When people think of Belitung, they often envision an island rich in natural beauty, especially its stunning beaches. But beyond the turquoise waters and granite boulders lies a different kind of treasure: white pepper. Once known as the “King of Spice,” this pepper has not only shaped the island’s history but also played a significant role in global trade routes.

A Spicy Legacy Rooted in History

Belitung’s connection with white pepper dates back centuries, intertwined with the island’s rich history as a feeder point of the Srivijaya Empire. Kota Kapur, an ancient settlement on the island, was a bustling trade hub where goods like pepper, tin, and spices were exchanged with merchants from India, China, and beyond. Archeological discoveries, including Chinese ceramics and the remains of ancient boats, paint a vivid picture of a time when Belitung was at the heart of the global spice trade.

The Srivijaya Empire, a powerful maritime kingdom that ruled over parts of Southeast Asia, relied on these trade cities, including Kota Kapur, to export valuable commodities like pepper. This spicy little berry, known locally as “sahang,” became so valuable that it inspired the phrase “semahal lada” or “as expensive as pepper,” a testament to its worth and the prosperity it brought to the island.

The Challenges of Modern-Day Cultivation

Fast forward to today, and Belitung’s relationship with white pepper is not as rosy as it once was. The island, which remains Indonesia’s top producer of white pepper, has seen a steady decline in both the area of pepper plantations and the quantity of pepper harvested. The reasons are many, but two of the biggest culprits are the global market price and competition from other industries like tin mining and palm oil.

In the past, pepper farming was the lifeblood of many communities in Belitung. However, the economic challenges of recent years, exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic, have pushed many farmers to abandon their pepper fields in favor of more lucrative opportunities in tin mining or palm oil plantations. The allure of quick profits has led to a significant decrease in the land dedicated to pepper cultivation, with plantation areas shrinking from over 52,000 hectares in 2019 to just 44,548 hectares by 2022.

But why would farmers trade in their pepper plants, which have sustained families for generations, for other industries? The answer lies in the volatility of the pepper market. Prices for white pepper have fluctuated dramatically, leaving farmers uncertain about their future income. Without a stable trading system or better market support, many have felt they have no choice but to seek more reliable sources of income.

A Glimmer of Hope for the Future

Despite these challenges, there is hope on the horizon for Belitung’s pepper farmers. Local governments and agricultural agencies are working together to revive the industry by offering support to farmers, including distributing superior seeds and providing technology to improve yields. There are also efforts to establish a more robust trading system for pepper, which could help stabilize prices and make pepper farming a more viable option once again.

Additionally, the cultural significance of pepper in Belitung remains strong. Pepper is deeply ingrained in local traditions, from being a key ingredient in the flavorful dishes of Malay Belitong cuisine to its role in traditional ceremonies. For example, the Maras Taun ceremony, a ritual of gratitude led by a traditional leader known as Mak Panggong, involves the use of various spices, including pepper, symbolizing both the hardships and the prosperity it brings.

The Spice of Life

Belitung’s white pepper is more than just a spice; it’s a symbol of the island’s rich history and cultural heritage. While the industry faces significant challenges, there is a concerted effort to keep this legacy alive. For now, as the island continues to balance the old with the new, the story of Belitung’s white pepper remains a spicy tale of heritage, resilience, and hope. As you savor the flavor of this iconic spice, remember that each peppercorn carries with it centuries of history and the enduring spirit of a community determined to keep its traditions alive.

Source: “The Story of Enchanting Spices in Bangka Belitung Islands”, Jalur Rempah – Ministry of Education and Culture, December 2020; “White pepper in Babel losing ground to tin and palm oil” Antara news agency, June 2023

Planning a holiday to a coastal tropical island is exciting, especially when you’re venturing to a hidden gem that’s off the beaten path, like the beaches and small islands in Belitung. However, unlike well-developed tourist spots like Bali or Phuket, these remote beaches come with their own set of challenges. Families need to be well-prepared to make the most of their time in these less developed, pristine locations, where conveniences like drugstores, restaurants, or even minimarkets might not be readily available.

1. Sunscreen Lotion

The tropical sun can be unforgiving, especially when you’re spending long hours outside, hopping between islands or lounging on sandy shores. Sunscreen lotion is your first line of defense against the harsh rays. Choose a broad-spectrum sunscreen with a high SPF (30 or above) to protect against both UVA and UVB rays. Make sure to reapply it every two hours, especially after swimming or sweating, to maintain protection. For children, consider using a water-resistant, mineral-based sunscreen that’s gentle on their sensitive skin. Don’t forget to apply it to easily overlooked areas like the ears, back of the neck, and tops of the feet.

2. Mosquito Repellent

In remote, untouched beach destinations, the beauty of the natural environment often comes with its own set of challenges—mosquitoes and other biting insects like gnats and sandflies can be a real nuisance. These insects can not only cause discomfort but also pose health risks in tropical regions where diseases like dengue fever and malaria are prevalent. Pack a reliable insect repellent that contains DEET, picaridin, or oil of lemon eucalyptus to protect your family. Apply it generously to exposed skin, especially during the early morning and late afternoon when these insects are most active. For added protection, consider bringing mosquito-repellent bracelets or patches, and wear light-colored, loose-fitting clothing that covers the arms and legs.

3. Comfortable Swimwear

Swimwear that’s comfortable and functional is a must for a family island adventure. Long-sleeve rash guards or swimsuits are particularly useful for children as they provide extra protection from the sun and reduce the need for frequent sunscreen reapplication. Look for swimwear made from quick-drying, UV-protective fabric that will keep everyone comfortable during water activities like snorkeling, stand-up paddling, or beach volleyball. For adults, consider bringing a versatile cover-up that can be worn over swimwear when you need a break from the sun or when heading to a more shaded area.

4. Hats and Sunglasses

Protecting your family from the sun doesn’t stop at sunscreen. Hats and sunglasses are essential accessories for any island adventure. Wide-brimmed hats or baseball caps provide additional shade for the face, neck, and shoulders, reducing the risk of sunburn. For children, hats with a chin strap can help keep them in place during windy boat rides or active play. Sunglasses with UV protection are also crucial to safeguard everyone’s eyes from the sun’s harmful rays, which can cause long-term damage and discomfort. Make sure the sunglasses fit well and are designed to stay put during physical activities.

5. Hydration Supplies

Staying hydrated is crucial when spending long hours in the sun, especially in tropical climates where the heat can be intense. With limited access to shops in remote areas, it’s important to bring enough water to keep everyone hydrated throughout the day. Invest in reusable water bottles that can be easily refilled at your accommodation or from large water containers. For added convenience, consider bringing a portable water filter or purification tablets if you plan to stay in more secluded areas where clean drinking water might be scarce. Encourage everyone to drink water regularly, even if they don’t feel thirsty, to prevent dehydration.

6. Basic Medicines and First-Aid Kit

When you’re far from the conveniences of a city, having a well-stocked first-aid kit is essential. Basic medications like antihistamines for allergic reactions, pain relievers, and anti-nausea tablets should be packed along with any prescription medications your family might need. A good first-aid kit should include band-aids, antiseptic cream, gauze, and tweezers—especially handy for removing any sea urchin spines that might be stepped on during snorkeling or beach exploration. If someone in the family has a specific medical condition, like asthma or severe allergies, don’t forget to bring necessary items like an inhaler or EpiPen.

Ready For The Journey

Embarking on a family adventure to a remote tropical island can be one of the most rewarding and memorable experiences. By carefully packing these six essentials, you’ll be well-prepared to handle the unique challenges and maximize the joy of exploring untouched beaches. Remember, the key to an unforgettable trip lies in being prepared, so you can fully embrace the beauty and excitement of your destination without worry. Pack wisely, stay safe, and enjoy every moment of your island getaway!